Indications
Zinnat is used in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible microorganisms:
- Acute streptococcal tonsillitis and pharyngitis.
- Acute bacterial sinusitis.
- Acute otitis media.
- Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.
- Cystitis.
- Pyelonephritis.
- Uncomplicated skin and soft tissue infections.
- Treatment of early Lyme disease.
Dosage
Adults/Children ≥40 kg:
- Most infections; Acute tonsillitis and pharyngitis, acute bacterial sinusitis, cystitis, pyelonephritis, u ncomplicated skin and soft tissue infections 250 mg twice daily.
- For serious infections; Acute otitis media, acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, Lyme disease: 500 mg twice daily.
Lyme disease duration: 14 days (range: 10–21 days).
Children <40 kg:
Take 10–15 mg/kg twice daily (max 125–250 mg/dose depending on infection severity).
How to take:
Take after food without chewing or crushing the tablets.
Side Effects
Common side effects: Candida overgrowth, diarrhea, nausea, headache, dizziness, transient liver enzyme elevation.
Uncommon adverse effects: Vomiting, eosinophilia, leukopenia, skin rash.
Rare adverse effects: Anaphylaxis, Clostridium difficile colitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction: Reported in Lyme disease treatment.
Contraindications:
Zinnat is contraindicated in hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, penicillins, or other beta-lactams.
Precautions:
Zinnat is largely safe but there are some precautions to look out for
- There is risk of C. difficile-associated diarrhea which is as a result of clearing beneficial bacteria in the gut, discontinue this infection is severe.
- In renal impairment patients dose adjustment mught be required.
- Cross-reactivity possible in penicillin-allergic patients.
Interactions
- May reduced efficacy of oral contraceptives due to altered gut flora (use backup contraception).
- May inrease chances of bleeding when used with warfarin, close monitoring is required.
- Antacids, H2 blockers reduce gastric acidity thus lowering cefuroxime absorption.
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